Flatbed Freight Shipping Process: Challenges & Benefits, Costs
The global flatbed trucking market is predicted to reach $111.1 billion by 2032. With rising demand, this shipping method is particularly beneficial for industries that require the transportation of larger equipment and shipments.
But is flatbed freight shipping the best option for you?
In this guide, we’ll break down what flatbed shipping is, its process, when to use it, and how it can optimize your logistics strategy.
What is Flatbed Freight Shipping
Flatbed freight shipping is a transportation service that involves transporting goods on an open, flat platform truck. It is specialized for shipping large or oversized loads that exceed the size of a standard truck. Flatbed trailers have no sides or roofs, which means a wide range of cargo that does not require covering can be transported. However, any freight can be shipped on a flatbed using tarps to cover and protect the cargo. The most common types of flatbed freight include:
Construction materials
6 Types of Flatbed Trailers Used in Freight Shipping
Flatbed trailers are designed to handle a wide range of cargo types with different sizes, dimensions, and weights. Each trailer type has unique features and capacities tailored to specific transportation needs. Choosing the right flatbed trailer depends on the nature of your cargo, whether it's oversized, heavy, or unusually shaped. Here are the different flatbed trailer options available to help you select the best fit for your requirements:
1. Standard flatbed trailer. This is the most common type of flatbed trailer. It features a flat, open deck with no sides or roofs. These trailers are versatile and suitable for transporting various cargo types.
2. Step deck trailer. This trailer has a lower deck height in the front section and a higher deck height in the rear. Step deck trailers are the ideal choice when your load exceeds standard height restrictions.
3. Double drop trailer. Featuring two lower decks, double drop trailers are the ideal choice for extremely tall and heavy loads. They can safely ship loads up to 11.5–12 feet tall because their cargo beds sit lower to the ground.
4. RGN (Removable Gooseneck) trailer. As the name suggests, these trailers have a removable gooseneck that allows the trailer to be lowered to the ground. This feature enables cargo to be driven directly onto the trailer, making loading and unloading heavy machinery and oversized loads easier.
5. Conestoga trailer. This trailer is similar to standard flatbeds but is equipped with a retractable tarp system. The Conestoga trailer offers weather protection while maintaining the accessibility and ease of a flatbed.
6. Side kit trailer. This flatbed trailer comes with removable side walls or kits that provide extra security for cargo. Side kit trailers are useful for transporting loose cargo that needs containment during transit.
When Should You Use Flatbed Freight Shipping?
Below are key scenarios where flatbed freight shipping is the best choice:
When cargo is oversized or irregularly shaped. Flatbed trucks are the ideal choice when cargo is too large, long, or irregularly shaped. They can accommodate cargo up to 48 feet long and 8 feet wide, making them perfect for large or bulky items.
When quick loading and unloading from different angles is required. Since flatbed trucks have no sides or roofs, it’s easier to load and unload items from various angles. This is especially useful on construction sites or in areas where there isn’t a dock for standard trailers.
When transporting building materials, machinery, or vehicles. Flatbed trucks are often used to transport large, heavy, and specialized cargo like construction materials, machinery, or vehicles. They provide a convenient and safe means of transporting these items because of easy strapping, securing, and visibility during transit.
When standard dry van shipping isn’t suitable. A dry van, with its enclosed structure, cannot transport non-standard-sized cargo. Flatbed trucks provide greater flexibility, accommodating loads that are too heavy, long, or wide for a dry van.
Benefits of Flatbed Freight Shipping
Here are the key benefits of opting for Freight shipping for your business:
Versatility. Flatbed shipping offers exceptional flexibility, making it ideal for companies with unique shipping needs. Flatbed trucks can accommodate large, heavy, or irregularly shaped cargo that may not fit in standard trailers.
Easy loading and unloading. With no walls or roof, forklifts or cranes can access cargo from all sides. This ease of access reduces the risk of damage during loading and unloading.
Higher load capacity. Flatbed trucks offer higher weight and size capacities than traditional trucks. This makes them perfect for transporting larger and heavier items in a single trip.
Reduced risk of cargo damage. The cargo can be packed more securely using restraints like straps, padding, or custom crating. This reduces the risk of damage and enhances the safety of your shipment.
Challenges and Risks in Flatbed Freight Shipping
Several factors can complicate flatbed freight shipping. Here are the key challenges and risks that many shipping companies face:
Cargo security risks. If cargo is not secured with restraints like straps, padding, or custom crating, it can shift during transit. A reliable shipping company must properly secure freight to prevent accidents and ensure safety.
Weather exposure. Uncovered loads are vulnerable to rain, snow, and wind. Covering the cargo with tarps or weather-resistant covers is one of the best ways to protect the load from weather exposure.
Regulatory compliance. Flatbed freight shipments must adhere to federal highway transportation regulations, including weight limits. The maximum weight for a shipment is 80,000 pounds, with axle weight limits of 20,000 pounds for a single axle and 34,000 pounds for a tandem axle group.
Higher costs for special permits. Some loads, particularly oversized or heavy shipments, may require special permits or additional licensing. It can increase shipping costs and lead to delays if not properly arranged.
Flatbed Freight Shipping Costs and Pricing Factors
Understanding the factors that impact flatbed freight shipping rates helps set realistic expectations. Here are the main factors used to calculate flatbed freight rates:
Distance and fuel costs. Shipping costs are directly affected by the distance traveled. The greater the distance, the higher the fuel expenses, which increases overall shipping rates.
Load weight and dimensions. Heavier and oversized cargo may require special permits and accommodations. If the shipment exceeds weight or size limits, it can increase prices due to the need for special handling and additional permits.
Seasonal demand. Seasonal fluctuations in demand can impact flatbed freight prices. During peak seasons, when shipping volume exceeds available capacity, freight prices tend to rise.
Additional services. Any extra service required for the shipment will add to the cost. These may include tarps, escorts, special handling, or other specific needs for the cargo.
Carrier experience and reputation. Established carriers with a strong reputation may charge higher rates due to their experience. However, reliable shipping companies often offer competitive prices without compromising quality.
How Much Does Flatbed Freight Shipping Cost?
Here is a breakdown that illustrates estimated costs per mile based on trailer type, weight capacity, and height:
How to Properly Secure a Flatbed Load?
Before flatbed freight shipment is loaded into a truck and sent to its destination, it must be properly prepared for shipment. By following these tips, shipping companies can ensure the load is secure and protected during transit:
Straps and chains. Choosing the right tie-downs can secure cargo based on its type. Straps and chains must be strong enough to prevent shifting or movement during transport.
Edge protectors. Edge protectors help prevent damage to both the cargo and the tie-downs. They prevent straps or chains from causing wear or harm to the cargo during transit.
Tarping the load. Tarps protect the cargo from weather conditions, such as rain, wind, or sun exposure. This helps maintain the integrity of the load, especially for sensitive materials.
DOT securement regulations. Adhering to DOT (Department of Transportation) securement regulations provides safety during transit. By meeting these standards, you will avoid legal violations and potential fines.
Regulations & Compliance for Flatbed Freight Shipping
Following regulations and compliance is the foundation of any successful logistics operation. These are the main guidelines to ensure safe and efficient shipping:
FMCSA weight and securement guidelines. These regulations are designed to prevent accidents and protect the highways and infrastructure. Complying with FMCSA guidelines keeps cargo properly secured and within legal weight limits.
State-specific regulations. Transportation regulations and road weight limits are different for each state. Some states may have specific requirements for oversize loads, so it’s better to learn regional differences.
Permit requirements. Certain shipments require special hauling permits, documentation, and handling procedures. Make sure you have the necessary permits when transporting oversized or overweight cargo.
How to Choose the Right Flatbed Freight Company?
Here are some key aspects to consider when selecting a flatbed freight shipping provider:
Reputation and experience. The company should have solid experience and expertise in handling flatbed shipping. Check the carrier's credentials and track record to verify reliability and professionalism.
Fleet size and trailer availability. Communicate your requirements in advance and ask if the carrier can accommodate your specific load type. Confirm they have the right trailers available to handle your shipment.
Insurance coverage. Choose a company that offers comprehensive insurance coverage. It will protect your shipment from potential damage during transport.
Customer reviews and ratings. Check reviews on platforms like Trustpilot, the Better Business Bureau (BBB), and Consumer Affairs. Reading about customers' experiences will help you assess the company's reputation.
Best Practices for Flatbed Freight Shipping Efficiency
Here are the best practices for customers to optimize their flatbed freight shipping:
Plan ahead. Plan your shipments to ensure that your carrier can prioritize your freight. Avoid last-minute bookings to prevent higher costs and potential delays.
Work with reliable carriers. Partner with reliable carriers to improve the efficiency and reliability of your operations. Long-term relationships with trusted providers maintain smooth shipments.
Provide proper documentation. Proper documentation can help you avoid delays and prevent potential fines. For flatbed freight shipping, a signed Bill of Lading is required as proof of the contract with the carrier. Depending on the nature of the cargo, additional paperwork may also be necessary.
Partner with BAH Logistics
In the world of logistics, flatbed freight shipping is a valuable asset. With the right knowledge and approach, you can navigate the complexities of flatbed shipping with ease and confidence. Partnering with BAH Logistics provides access to a trusted flatbed shipping provider and seamless transportation for your needs. Apply for an online quote today and let the professionals handle your heavy freight with care.
FAQs on Flatbed Freight Shipping
What Types Of Freight Are Best Suited For Flatbed Shipping?
Flatbed shipping is ideal for freight that cannot fit into a standard enclosed trailer. This includes oversized or heavy equipment, construction materials, and large machinery. It’s also well-suited for freight that requires loading from the sides or top, such as lumber, pipes, or steel beams.
How Do Flatbed Freight Rates Compare To Dry Van Shipping?
Flatbed freight rates are higher compared to dry van shipping rates. These costs often include additional equipment, specialized handling, and the need for protective measures. Flatbed shipping involves more labor-intensive loading and unloading processes, which can further increase costs.
Do Flatbed Trucks Require Special Permits For Oversized Loads?
Yes, flatbed trucks often require special permits for oversized loads. These permits are necessary when the cargo exceeds the legal size or weight limits set by state or federal regulations.
What’s The Maximum Weight Capacity For A Flatbed Trailer?
The maximum weight capacity for a flatbed trailer typically ranges from 48,000 to 53,000 pounds, depending on the type and configuration. However, weight limits can vary based on the specific trailer and local regulations, so confirm the exact capacity with the carrier.
How Can I Ensure My Flatbed Freight Is Properly Secured?
A reliable shipping company makes sure that the freight is secured by using appropriate tie-downs, such as chains, straps, or ropes, to fasten the cargo and prevent shifting during transit.
